Legal Framework for Cooperation

Japan signed the following bilateral agreements with Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Belarus from 1993 through 1994.

(1)  Japan – Russia 

“Agreement between the Government of Japan and the Government of the Russian Federation concerning Cooperation to Assist the Destruction of Nuclear Reduced in the Russian Federation and the Establishment of a Committee on this Cooperation”

The Agreement was signed and took effect on October 13, 1993.

(2)  Japan – Ukraine 

“Agreement between the Government of Japan and the Government of Ukraine concerning Cooperation for the Elimination of Nuclear Weapons Reduced in Ukraine and
the Establishment of a Committee on this Cooperation”

The Agreement was signed on March 2, 1994 and took effect on March 11, 1994 and was in effect thereafter until July 15, 2018.

(3)  Japan – Kazakhstan

“Agreement between the Government of Japan and the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan concerning Cooperation for the Destruction of Nuclear Weapons Reduced in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Establishment of a Committee on this Cooperation”

The Agreement was signed and took effect on March 11, 1994

(4)  Japan – Belarus

“Agreement between the Government of Japan and the Government of the Republic of Belarus concerning Cooperation in the field of Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the Establishment of a Committee on this Cooperation”

The Agreement was signed on November 5, 1993 and was in effect thereafter until January 24, 2015.